How to create treeview with database data in MVC 4 application.

Introduction

In the previous article, I have shown you how to implement treeview in asp.net webform application.
In this post, I am going to explain how to create treeview with database data in MVC application.

The ASP.NET TreeView control makes it easy for us to display a hierarchical collection of labeled items, but MVC does not support server-side control like ASP.NET. Also, There is no any HTML helper class method that will provide treeview for the UI. Today I will show you, how to create treeview in MVC application.

Here in this application we will create our own custom HTML helper for display hierarchical data in treeview.

Steps :

Step - 1 : Create New Project.

Go to File > New > Project > Select asp.net MVC4 web application > Entry Application Name > Click OK > Select Internet Application > Select view engine Razor > OK

Step-2: Add a Database.

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on App_Data folder > Add > New item > Select SQL Server Database Under Data > Enter Database name > Add.

Step-3: Create table for fetch data.

Open Database > Right Click on Table > Add New Table > Add Columns > Save > Enter table name > Ok.

In this example, I have used one tables as below

Structure

Database Data

Step-4: Add Entity Data Model.

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on Project name form Solution Explorer > Add > New item > Select ADO.net Entity Data Model under data > Enter model name > Add.
A popup window will come (Entity Data Model Wizard) > Select Generate from database > Next >
Chose your data connection > select your database > next > Select tables > enter Model Namespace > Finish.

Step-5: Add a new ASP.NET folder "App_Code"

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on Project name form Solution Explorer > Add > Add ASP.NET Folder > App_Code

Step-6: Create a custom HTML Helpers

Right Click on App_Code folder under Solution Explorer > Add > New Item > Select MVC4 View Page (Rozar) > Enter Name (here "Treeview.cshtml") > Add.
Write this below code to your newly created view under App_Code folder.

@helper GetTreeView(List<MVCTreeview.SiteMenu> siteMenu, int parentID){
    foreach (var i in siteMenu.Where(a=>a.ParentMenuID.Equals(parentID)))
    {
        <li>
            @{var submenu = siteMenu.Where(a => a.ParentMenuID.Equals(i.MenuID)).Count();}
            @if (submenu > 0)
            {
            <span class="collapse collapsible">&nbsp;</span>
            }
            else
            {
                <span style="width:15px; display:inline-block">&nbsp;</span>
            }
            <span>
                <a href="@i.NavURL">@i.MenuName</a>
            </span>
            @if (submenu > 0)
            {
                <ul>
                    @Treeview.GetTreeView(siteMenu,i.MenuID) 
                    @* Recursive  Call for Populate Sub items here*@
                </ul>
            }
        </li>
    }
}

Step-7: Add a new Controller .

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on Controllers folder form Solution Explorer > Add > Controller > Enter Controller name > Select Templete "empty MVC Controller"> Add.

Step-8: Add new action into your controller for Get Method

Here I have added "simple" Action into "Treeview" Controller. Please write this following code

public ActionResult Simple()
{
    List<SiteMenu> all = new List<SiteMenu>();
    using (MyDatabaseEntities dc = new MyDatabaseEntities())
    {
        all = dc.SiteMenus.OrderBy(a => a.ParentMenuID).ToList();
    }
    return View(all);
}

Step-9: Add view for this Action & design.

Right Click on Action Method (here right click on form action) > Add View... > Enter View Name > Select View Engine (Razor) > Check "Create a strong-typed view" > Select your model class > Add. [N:B:Please Rebuild solution before add view.]
HTML Code

@model List<MVCTreeview.SiteMenu>
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Simple";
}
<h2>Simple Treeview from Database Data</h2>
<div style="border:solid 1px black; padding:10px; background-color:#FAFAFA">
    <div class="treeview">
        @if (Model != null && Model.Count() >0)
        {
            <ul>
                @Treeview.GetTreeView(Model, Model.FirstOrDefault().ParentMenuID)
            </ul>
        }
    </div>
</div>

CSS Code

<style>
/*Here We will add some css for style our treeview*/
.collapse {
    width:15px;
    background-image: url('../Images/ui-icons_454545_256x240.png');
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: -36px -17px;
    display:inline-block;
    cursor:pointer;
}
.expand {
    width: 15px;
    background-image: url('../Images/ui-icons_454545_256x240.png');
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: -50px -17px;
    display: inline-block;
    cursor:pointer;
}
    
    .treeview ul
    {
        font:14px Arial, Sans-Serif;
        margin:0px;
        padding-left:20px;
        list-style:none;
    }
    .treeview > li > a {
        font-weight:bold;
    }
    .treeview li
    {
               
    }
    .treeview li a
    {
        padding:4px;
        font-size:12px;
        display:inline-block;
        text-decoration:none;
        width:auto;
    }
</style>

Here is the Image used in css :

JS Code

<script>
    $(document).ready(function () {
        $(".treeview li>ul").css('display', 'none'); // Hide all 2-level ul 
        $(".collapsible").click(function (e) {
            e.preventDefault();
            $(this).toggleClass("collapse expand");
            $(this).closest('li').children('ul').slideToggle();
        });
    });
</script>

Complete View

@model List<MVCTreeview.SiteMenu>
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Simple";
}
<style>
    /*Here We will add some css for style our treeview*/
    .collapse {
        width:15px;
        background-image: url('../Images/ui-icons_454545_256x240.png');
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: -36px -17px;
        display:inline-block;
        cursor:pointer;
    }
    .expand {
        width: 15px;
        background-image: url('../Images/ui-icons_454545_256x240.png');
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: -50px -17px;
        display: inline-block;
        cursor:pointer;
    }
    
        .treeview ul
        {
            font:14px Arial, Sans-Serif;
            margin:0px;
            padding-left:20px;
            list-style:none;
        }
        .treeview > li > a {
            font-weight:bold;
        }
        .treeview li
        {
               
        }
        .treeview li a
        {
            padding:4px;
            font-size:12px;
            display:inline-block;
            text-decoration:none;
            width:auto;
        }
</style>
<h2>Simple Treeview from Database Data</h2>
<div style="border:solid 1px black; padding:10px; background-color:#FAFAFA">
    <div class="treeview">
        @if (Model != null && Model.Count() >0)
        {
            <ul>
                @Treeview.GetTreeView(Model, Model.FirstOrDefault().ParentMenuID)
            </ul>
        }
    </div>
</div>
 
@* Here We need some Jquery code for make this treeview collapsible *@
@section Scripts{
    <script>
        $(document).ready(function () {
            $(".treeview li>ul").css('display', 'none'); // Hide all 2-level ul 
            $(".collapsible").click(function (e) {
                e.preventDefault();
                $(this).toggleClass("collapse expand");
                $(this).closest('li').children('ul').slideToggle();
            });
        });
    </script>
}

Step-10: Run Application.

Must see next : How to Populate Treeview Nodes Dynamically (On Demand) using Ajax in ASP.NET

Download Application Live Demo